UAE VAT

The UAE VAT, or Value Added Tax, is a consumption tax implemented by the United Arab Emirates government to diversify revenue sources and contribute to the country’s economic sustainability. Introduced on January 1, 2018, the VAT system imposes a standard rate of 5% on most goods and services at each stage of the supply chain. However, certain supplies fall under zero-rated or exempt categories, such as specific exports, international transportation, and essential healthcare and education services.

VAT registration is mandatory for businesses exceeding the prescribed turnover threshold, facilitating a transparent tax structure. Businesses can claim input tax credits, allowing them to offset VAT paid on business-related expenses against VAT collected on sales. The VAT system supports the formation of VAT groups for entities under common control. Additionally, tourist refund schemes, penalties for non-compliance, and regulations on digital services and imports contribute to the comprehensive framework of the UAE VAT system. Administered by the Federal Tax Authority (FTA), the UAE VAT enhances fiscal responsibility and aligns with international taxation norms.

What is VAT?

VAT, or Value Added Tax, is a consumption tax imposed on the value added to goods and services at each stage of the production and distribution chain. It is a type of indirect tax that is ultimately borne by the end consumer. VAT is designed to be a fair and transparent tax system that avoids the cascading effect of taxes present in traditional sales taxes.

Type of Supplies in UAE VAT

In the UAE VAT (Value Added Tax) system, supplies are categorized into different types based on their VAT treatment. Understanding these categories is essential for businesses to determine their VAT obligations accurately. As of my last knowledge update in January 2022, the main types of supplies in UAE VAT include:

1. Taxable Supplies

2. Zero-Rated Supplies

3. Exempt Supplies

4. Deemed Supplies

5. Out-of-Scope Supplies

6. Import of Goods

UAE VAT Registration

Businesses are required to register for VAT if their annual taxable supplies and imports exceed the mandatory registration threshold set by the Federal Tax Authority (FTA). The mandatory registration threshold for VAT in the UAE was AED 375,000 of annual turnover. If a business’s taxable supplies and imports reach or exceed this threshold within 12 months, it is obligated to register for VAT. Additionally, businesses with an annual turnover between AED 187,500 and AED 375,000 have the option to register for VAT voluntarily. Voluntary registration allows businesses to benefit from input tax recovery while also ensuring compliance with the VAT regulations. It’s important to note that tax laws and thresholds are subject to change, and there may have been updates or amendments since my last update. Therefore, businesses are advised to check the latest guidelines provided by the Federal Tax Authority or consult with tax professionals to ensure compliance with the current VAT registration limit in the UAE.

Here is a brief overview of the UAE VAT registration process:

Eligibility Assessment:

Businesses operating in the United Arab Emirates (UAE) must assess their eligibility for VAT registration. Mandatory registration is required for businesses exceeding the prescribed annual turnover threshold.

Document Preparation:

Prior to initiating the registration process, businesses need to gather essential documentation, including trade licenses, financial statements, and other relevant paperwork.

Online Portal Access:

Access the Federal Tax Authority (FTA) online portal and create a user account. This portal serves as the platform for initiating and completing the VAT registration process.

Application Submission and Review:

Complete the VAT registration application on the FTA portal, providing details about business activities, financial information, and contact details. Submit the application, and the FTA reviews the provided information.

TRN Issuance and Activation:

Upon approval, businesses receive a VAT registration certificate with a unique Tax Registration Number (TRN). This TRN is essential for conducting VAT-related transactions. Subsequently, businesses must activate their VAT accounts and ensure ongoing compliance with VAT regulations, including timely filing of returns and adherence to reporting requirements.

UAE VAT Return Filing

Quarterly Filing Requirement:
- Businesses in the United Arab Emirates (UAE) are typically required to file their VAT returns on a quarterly basis. This involves reporting details of their taxable supplies, purchases, and the resulting VAT liabilities or recoverable amounts.
Online Filing Through FTA Portal:
- The VAT return filing process is conducted online through the Federal Tax Authority (FTA) portal. Businesses use their Tax Registration Number (TRN) to access the portal and submit accurate and up-to-date information.
Due Date Within 28 Days:
- The due date for filing VAT returns and settling any outstanding payments is usually within 28 days from the end of the respective tax period. Adhering to this deadline is crucial to avoid penalties for late filing or non-compliance.
Comprehensive Information Inclusion:
- Businesses must provide comprehensive details in their VAT returns, including information on taxable supplies, zero-rated supplies, exempt supplies, and adjustments. This information helps calculate the net VAT liability or recoverable amount.
Accurate Record Keeping:

The accurate maintenance of transaction records is essential for completing the VAT return with precision. Businesses should keep thorough records of invoices, receipts, and relevant documents to support the information submitted in their returns.

Form in UAE VAT

In the UAE VAT (Value Added Tax) system, businesses are required to file various forms to comply with VAT regulations. The common VAT forms used in the UAE include:

VAT 201 - VAT Return Form:
- This form is used for reporting the VAT liability or reclaimable amount based on a business's taxable supplies and purchases during a specific tax period. It includes details of output tax, input tax, and adjustments.
VAT 201T - Tourist Refund Scheme Form:
- Businesses participating in the Tourist Refund Scheme use this form to claim a refund of VAT paid by tourists on eligible purchases. This form is relevant for retailers who sell goods to tourists.
VAT 311 - Voluntary Disclosure Form:
- The Voluntary Disclosure Form is used by businesses to voluntarily disclose errors or omissions in their VAT returns and correct any discrepancies. It allows businesses to rectify unintentional mistakes.
VAT 312 - Amendment to Taxable Supplies or Tax Paid Form:
- Businesses use this form to request amendments to their previously submitted VAT returns, specifically for changes related to taxable supplies or tax paid.
VAT 313 - Application for VAT De-registration Form:
- Businesses that need to de-register for VAT can use this form to submit an application for de-registration. This is relevant for businesses that no longer meet the criteria for VAT registration.

These are some of the key forms related to VAT filing and compliance in the UAE. It's important to note that the UAE tax authorities may introduce new forms or update existing ones based on changes to VAT regulations. Businesses should regularly check the official website of the Federal Tax Authority (FTA) or consult with tax professionals to ensure they are using the latest forms and complying with the current requirements.

FAQ

General Question

Certainly! Here are some frequently asked questions (FAQ) related to UAE VAT

1. Who is required to register for VAT in the UAE?

Businesses with an annual turnover exceeding the mandatory registration threshold (as determined by the Federal Tax Authority) must register for VAT. Voluntary registration is also possible for businesses below the threshold.

2. What is the standard rate of VAT in the UAE?

3. What are zero-rated supplies in the UAE?

4. How often do businesses need to file VAT returns in the UAE?